BIOL& 241 Human A & P 1 (5 credits)
Distribution Area Fulfilled Natural Sciences with Lab; General Transfer Elective
Prerequisite BIOL& 160 with a grade of 2.0 or better and CHEM& 100 with a 2.0 or better; or KINS 155 with a 2.0 or better; or EMS 160 with a 2.0 or better; or instructor permission
Course Description
This is the first course of a two-quarter study of human anatomy and physiology, exploring cellular, tissue, organ, and organ-system structures and related functions. Topics include cytology, histology, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. For pre-nursing and allied health majors. In-person lab required.
Course Content
LECTURE
A. Essential vocabulary of anatomy and physiology, including directional terms
B. Basic concepts of homeostasis and how homeostatic mechanisms (positive and negative feedback control) apply to body systems
C. Relevant principles of chemistry, cell structure and physiology with application to study of physiology
D. Functions of the four basic tissues of the body, and subtypes of each, in the context of the various body systems
E. Major gross and microscopic anatomical components of the integumentary system and the functions of the system
F. Major gross and microscopic anatomical components of the skeletal system and their functional roles
G. Major gross and microscopic anatomical components of the muscular system and their functional roles
H. Features of skeletal muscle structure and function in comparison to cardiac and smooth muscle types
I. Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction
J. Features of skeletal muscle energy utilization and response to training/exercise
K. Major structural and functional organization of the nervous system (CNS and PNS, SNS and ANS)
L. Parts and function of the brain
M. Major components and functions of the somatic nervous system
N. Major components and functions of the autonomic nervous system
O. Mechanisms of resting membrane potential, initiation and propagation of action potentials and impulse transmission across a synapse
P. Functions of the cranial and spinal nerves, plexuses, meninges, CSF and tract pathways
Q. Major gross and microscopic anatomical components of the special senses and their physiology
R. Applications to healthcare settings
LABORATORY
S. Basic microscopy to view cells and tissues
T. Review principles of movement of solutes through membranes
U. Histology of selected tissues as assigned
V. Designated bones and landmarks and joints in the human skeleton
W. Designated skeletal muscles and their function
X. Designated structures of the Central and peripheral nervous systems
Y. Demonstration of selected special sense physiology tests
Z. Examination of anatomical features related to special senses
Student Outcomes
LECTURE OUTCOMES:
- Identify relative locations of structures in the body and their contribution to homeostasis with appropriate anatomical terminology
- Compare the structure and homeostatic functions of epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle tissues
- Describe the structure and homeostatic functions of the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems, including tissues and accessory organs
- Explain the histophysiology of muscle contraction, nervous tissue depolarization and action potential generation
LAB OUTCOMES:
- Identify designated tissue types individually with light microscopy and, in combination, within the organs they comprise
- Identify layers of the skin and accessory structures using specimens, models, tissue and cell samples and microscopy
- Identify the bones of the skeleton, including designated surface features on human bones and/or bone models
- Identify designated skeletal muscles and their actions including joint function using specimens and models
- Identify designated nervous system and special senses structures and functions, including anatomy of the brain, spinal cord, eye, ear and other special senses using specimens, models, tissue and cell samples, microscopy and designated functional testing
Degree Outcomes
Critical, Creative, and Reflective Thinking: Graduates will evaluate, analyze, synthesize, and generate ideas; construct informed, meaningful, and justifiable conclusions; and process feelings, beliefs, biases, strengths, and weaknesses as they relate to their thinking, decisions, and creations.
Natural Sciences: Graduates use the scientific method to analyze natural phenomena and acquire skills to evaluate authenticity of data/information relative to the natural world.
Lecture Contact Hours 30
Lab Contact Hours 40
Clinical Contact Hours 0
Total Contact Hours 70
Potential Methods
Conceptual assessment: Multiple choice, true/false, matching. short answer, fill-in-the-blank, essay, diagram labeling
Case studies and applied case scenarios: Assess physiology questions presented through case studies and case scenarios and apply understanding of each system to address these questions.
Instructor Observation: Instructor visually assesses either informally or formally (with a checklist) whether the student has successfully achieved the desirable outcome
Lab exercises and reports: Presentation of laboratory experiment results in a brief written form including laboratory objectives and conclusion
Organ/structure identification using physical models, dissection of specimens, images, in-class computer-based organisms and learning tools
Lab practical exam: Use of student demonstration of techniques and student knowledge of anatomical structures, physiological processes, scientific equipment, and laboratory materials as a means of assessment
Individual and group project: Presentation of subject concepts through verbal explanation from students either as individuals or as groups
Group presentation/report: Examination of subject concepts or questions through a formalized group activity requiring active participation of all group members
Computer assisted activities/testing (EEG, EMG)
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